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Hypertension

High blood pressure also known as Hypertension or HTN or HPN is abnormal blood pressure normally measured in systolic and diastolic. Systolic is is a measurement when heart contracts and diastolic when heart relaxes. In current usage, the word 'Hypertension' without a quantifier refers to systemic, arterial hypertension.

Hypertension is classified into two types

Essential (primary) : Hypertension with visible medical cause is called essential hypertension and 90% to 95% of patients suffer this kind of hypertension.

Secondary: A kidney disease or a tumor or another medical problem causes the secondary hypertension.

Persistent hypertension may lead to heart attacks, heart failure and arterial aneurysm, and is a leading cause of chronic renal failure.

What Is "Normal" Blood Pressure?

Normal: Less than 120/80
Prehypertension: 120-139/80-89
Stage 1 high blood pressure: 140-159/90-99
Stage 2 high blood pressure: 160 and above/100 and above

What Causes High Blood Pressure?
The exact causes of high blood pressure are not known. Several factors and conditions may play a role in its development, including:

Smoking

Being overweight or obese

Lack of physical activity

Too much salt in the diet

Too much alcohol consumption (more than 1 to 2 drinks per day)

Stress

Older age

Genetics

Family history of high blood pressure

Chronic kidney disease

Adrenal and thyroid disorders

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